FRONT COVER -- FIRMS, BOARDS AND GENDER QUOTAS: COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES -- COPYRIGHT PAGE -- CONTENTS -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- EDITORIAL BOARD -- INTRODUCTION: GENDER AND VARIETIES OF ECONOMIC POWER – THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FAMILY AND STATE -- FAMILY AND POWER IN ECONOMIC LIFE -- THE STATE AND GENDERED POWER IN THE ECONOMY -- GENDER TROUBLES? -- REFERENCES -- PART I: GENDER AND ECONOMIC POWER -- CHAPTER 1 TOP DOWN OR BOTTOM UP? A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY OF VERTICAL OCCUPATIONAL SEX SEGREGATION IN 12 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES -- STATE OF RESEARCH AND HYPOTHESES -- DATA, COUNTRIES, VARIABLES, AND METHOD -- RATIONALE FOR SELECTION OF COUNTRIES -- MEASURING HIGH-STATUS OCCUPATIONS -- MEASURING LOW-WAGE EMPLOYMENT -- INDIVIDUAL AND MACRO-LEVEL MEASURES OF NATIONAL VARIATIONS IN WOMEN’S UNDERREPRESENTATION IN HIGH-STATUS OCCUPATIONS -- ESTIMATION METHOD -- UNDERREPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN HIGH-STATUS OCCUPATIONS AND NATIONAL VARIATION -- EFFECTS OF NATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ON THE DEGREE OF POLARIZATION OF WOMEN IN LOW-STATUS AND HIGH-STATUS OCCUPATIONS -- DISCUSSION -- NOTES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- DATA SOURCES -- APPENDIX -- PART II: FIRMS AND FAMILIES -- CHAPTER 2 MODES OF FAMILISM: GENDER, FAMILY CAPITALISM AND FAMILY CULTURE -- COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF FAMILY BUSINESS -- THE CASE STUDIES -- FAMILY FIRMS IN ITALY AND NORWAY: SOME COMPARATIVE DIMENSIONS -- NORWAY: DEMOCRATIC CAPITALISM -- ITALY: FAMILY CAPITALISM -- MARRIAGE PATTERNS, INHERITANCE AND FAMILY PROPERTY REGIMES -- FAMILY FIRMS IN THE COMO SILK INDUSTRY -- PATRIARCHAL DESIRE -- THE BARBIERI FIRM -- SUCCESSION, INHERITANCE AND THE INVISIBILITY OF WOMEN -- THE GALBIATI FIRM -- THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY ON THE NORWEGIAN SOUTH COAST -- FAMILY, FIRM AND LOCAL COMMUNITY -- THE UGLAND FAMILY AND FIRM -- FROM PART-OWNERSHIP TO FAMILY FIRM -- A FOUNDING MARRIAGE -- BUILDING A FAMILY FIRM -- BROTHERS AND SISTERS -- SUCCESSION RIGHTS AND FAMILY VALUES -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3 FAMILY, LABOUR MARKET STRUCTURES AND THE DYNAMICS OF SELF-EMPLOYMENT IN THREE ASIAN COUNTRIES: GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SELF-EMPLOYMENT ENTRY IN JAPAN, KOREA AND TAIWAN -- DIFFERENCES IN FEMALE AND MALE SELF-EMPLOYMENT ACROSS COUNTRIES -- LABOUR MARKET STRUCTURES AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT ACTIVITIES -- FEMALE EMPLOYMENT IN THE LABOUR MARKET -- GENDER, FAMILY STRUCTURE AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT -- HYPOTHESES -- DATA, METHOD AND VARIABLES -- DESCRIPTIVE RESULTS -- MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- PART III: GENDER QUOTAS TO BOARDS OF DIRECTORS -- CHAPTER 4 GENDER QUOTAS ON CORPORATE BOARDS: ON THE DIFFUSION OF A DISTINCT NATIONAL POLICY REFORM -- THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES OF HISTORICAL INSTITUTIONALISM AND DIFFUSION -- HISTORICAL INSTITUTIONALISM -- DIFFUSION THEORY -- A BRIEF NOTE ON DATA -- WHY NORWAY ADOPTED THE CORPORATE BOARD QUOTA LAW -- THE POLITICAL PROCESS -- A DISTINCT NATIONAL POLICY REFORM -- DIFFUSION OF GENDER QUOTAS ON CORPORATE BOARDS -- THE DIFFUSION OF C.
ORPORATE BOARD QUOTA LEGISLATION -- ONGOING AND UNDECIDED -- DISCUSSION -- CAN DIFFUSION THEORY EXPLAIN CORPORATE BOARD QUOTA LAW DIFFUSION? -- THE ROLE OF NATIONAL DISTINCTIVENESS -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5 WHY GENDER QUOTAS IN COMPANY BOARDS IN NORWAY — AND NOT IN SWEDEN? -- THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND METHODOLOGICAL COMMENTS -- METHODS -- COMMON FEATURES OF NORWAY AND SWEDEN -- GENDER QUOTAS -- INTRODUCTION OF THE CORPORATE GENDER QUOTA LEGISLATION -- BUSINESS LIFE EFFORTS AND REACTIONS TO THE ‘QUOTA THREAT’ -- SUMMARY -- DECISIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORWAY AND SWEDEN -- CAPITAL OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES -- GENDER EQUALITY CULTURES -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6 FEMINISM WITHOUT GENDER? ARGUMENTS FOR GENDER QUOTAS ON CORPORATE BOARDS IN NORWAY -- GENDER THEORY AND GENDER POLITICS -- METHODS -- GENDER BALANCE IN THE FEDERATION OF NORWEGIAN AGRICULTURAL CO-OPERATIVES -- MODERNISING WITH GENDER BALANCE -- DEMOCRATIC JUSTICE THROUGH GENDER QUOTAS -- STRATEGIC AND SITUATED ARGUMENTS I: VOLUNTARY ACTION AS AN ATTEMPT TO AVOID LAW ENFORCEMENT -- STRATEGIC AND SITUATED ARGUMENTS II: LAW ENFORCEMENT IN ORDER TO IMPROVE BUSINESS -- GENDER QUOTAS MADE POSSIBLE IN PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANIES -- MODERNISING BY COMPETING IN GENDER EQUALITY -- DEMOCRACY AND GENDER EQUALITY -- STRATEGIC AND SITUATED ARGUMENTS I: MAXIMISING RESOURCE UTILISATION AND PROFIT THROUGH GENDER QUOTAS -- STRATEGIC AND SITUATED ARGUMENTS II: THE POTENTIAL RUB-OFF EFFECT OF GENDER QUOTAS IN PLCS -- DISCUSSION -- ARGUMENT TYPE 1: ARTICULATIONS OF GENDER EQUALITY CULTURE -- ARGUMENT TYPE 2: TRADITIONAL GENDER EQUALITY ARGUMENTS -- ARGUMENT TYPE 3: PRAGMATIC REASONING -- CONCLUSION: GENDER QUOTAS WITHOUT GENDER PERSPECTIVES -- NOTES -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7 WOMEN ON BOARDS OF DIRECTORS AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM DENMARK AND NORWAY -- THE DANISH AND NORWEGIAN CONTEXT -- THE DANISH CONTEXT -- THE NORWEGIAN CONTEXT -- DATA, VARIABLES AND METHODS -- THE DANISH DATA -- THE NORWEGIAN DATA -- COMMON EXPLANATORY VARIABLES -- METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH -- RESULTS -- AN ALTERNATIVE MEASURE OF DIVERSITY -- THE NUMBER OF WOMEN ON THE BOARDS -- WHAT CAUSES THE NORWEGIAN RESULTS? -- CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8 LIMITS TO STATE INTERVENTION INTO THE PRIVATE SECTOR ECONOMY: ASPECTS OF PROPERTY RIGHTS IN SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES -- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: THREE WAVES OF REFORM -- DEMOCRACY AND PROPERTY RIGHTS – CENTRAL CONCEPTS -- NORMATIVE THEORIES -- PROPERTY RIGHTS -- SUCCESSFUL INTERVENTION I: EMPLOYEE REPRESENTATION ON BOARDS IN NORWAY -- SUCCESSFUL INTERVENTION II: EMPLOYEE CODETERMINATION ON HEALTH AND SAFETY IN NORWAY -- FAILED INTERVENTION I: ‘‘DEMOCRATIZATION’’ OF COMMERCIAL BANKS -- FAILED INTERVENTION II: INCREASING EMPLOYEE REPRESENTATION ON ENTERPRISE BOARDS -- SECOND WAVE REFORMS IN SWEDEN -- FAILED INTERVENTION III: THE SWEDISH WAGE-EARNER FUNDS -- A NEW TYPE OF REFORM: GENDER QUOT.
AS TO BOARDS OF DIRECTORS IN NORWAY -- GENDER QUOTAS AND EFFICIENCY -- DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION AS ACCESS TO POSITIONS -- CONCLUDING REMARKS ON SUCCESSFUL AND FAILED REFORMS -- NOTES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- .
