List of Figures p. vii
List of Tables p. ix
Acknowledgements p. x
Preface p. xi
1 Introduction p. 1
1.1 Modelling appraisal resources p. 1
1.2 Appraisal in a functional model of language p. 7
1.3 Situating appraisal in SFL p. 33
1.4 Appraisal - an overview p. 34
1.5 Appraisal and other traditions of evaluative language analysis p. 38
1.6 Outline of this book p. 40
2 Attitude: Ways of Feeling p. 42
2.1 Kinds of feeling p. 42
2.2 Affect p. 45
2.3 Judgement p. 52
2.4 Appreciation p. 56
2.5 Borders p. 58
2.6 Indirect realisations p. 61
2.7 Beyond attitude p. 68
2.8 Analysing attitude p. 69
3 Engagement and Graduation: Alignment, Solidarity and the Construed Reader p. 92
3.1 Introduction: a dialogic perspective p. 92
3.2 Value position, alignment and the putative reader p. 95
3.3 The resources of intersubjective stance: an overview of engagement p. 97
3.4 Engagement and the dialogistic status of bare assertions p. 98
3.5 Heteroglossia: dialogic contraction and expansion p. 102
3.6 Entertain: the dialogistic expansiveness of modality and evidentiality p. 104
3.7 Dialogistic expansion through the externalised proposition - attribution p. 111
3.8 The resources of dialogic contraction - overview: disclaim and proclaim p. 117
3.9 Disclaim: deny (negation) p. 118
3.10 Disclaim: counter p. 120
3.11 Proclaim: concur, pronounce and endorse p. 121
3.12 Proclaim: concur p. 122
3.13 Proclaim: endorsement p. 126
3.14 Proclaim: pronounce p. 127
3.15 Engagement, intertextuality and the grammar of reported speech p. 133
3.16 Graduation: an overview p. 135
3.17 Graduation: focus p. 137
3.18 Graduation: force - intensification and quantification p. 140
3.19 Force: intensification p. 141
3.20 Force: quantification p. 148
3.21 Force (intensification and quantification), attitude and writer-reader relationships p. 152
3.22 Analysing intersubjective positioning p. 153
4 Evaluative Key: Taking a Stance p. 161
4.1 Introduction p. 161
4.2 Evaluative key in journalistic discourse - the ''voices'' of news, analysis and commentary p. 164
4.3 Evaluative key and the discourses of secondary-school history p. 184
4.4 Stance p. 186
4.5 Signature p. 203
4.6 Evaluation and reaction p. 206
4.7 Coda... p. 207
5 Enacting Appraisal: Text Analysis p. 210
5.1 Appraising discourse p. 210
5.2 War or Peace: a rhetoric of grief and hatred p. 212
5.3 Mourning: an unfortunate case of keystone cops p. 234
5.4 Envoi p. 260
References p. 262
Index p. 274