Preface
1 About this book
Phonetics in a nutshell
The structure of this book
Terminology
Demonstrations and exercises
2 Articulatory Phonetics
Phonation at the larynx
Basic articulatory terms
The articulation of consonants
The articulation of vowels
3 Phonetic Transcription
Consonants
Vowels
Diacritics and other symbols
Transcription of General American English
4 Place and Manner of Articulation of Consonants and Vowels
Consonants
Additional manners of articulation
Vowels
Secondary articulations
5 Physiology of the Vocal Apparatus
The subglottal system: lungs, bronchi, and trachea
Structure and function of the larynx
Vocal tract
6 Airstream Mechanisms and Phonation Types
Airstream mechanisms
Phonation types
Voicing, voicelessness, and aspiration in plosives
Common and rare sounds
7 Basic Acoustics
Sound waves
Measuring sound waves
Acoustic dimensions and their units of measurement
8 Analysis Methods for Speech Sounds
Digitizing acoustic signals
Types of acoustic signals
Analyzing acoustic signals
9 The Source-filter Theory of Speech Production
Resonance
Damping
Filters
Source and filter of the vocal apparatus
Formants
10 Acoustic Characteristics of Speech Sounds
Vowels
Consonants
Summary
Variability and invariance
11 Syllables and Suprasegmentals
Syllables
Stress
Length
Tone and Intonation
12 Physiology and Psychophysics of Hearing
The external ear
The middle ear
The inner ear
The structure of the basilar membrane
Sound localization
Auditory frequency scales
Auditory loudness scales
Auditory time scales
13 Speech Perception
Vowels
Consonants
Contributions of the Motor Theory of Speech Perception
The role of linguistic experience in speech perception
Summary
A.1 Mass, force, and pressure
A.2 Energy, power, and intensity
A.3 The decibel (dB)
B.1 Physical terminology
B.2 Mathematical notations
C.1 Formant values
C.2 Fundamental frequency values
Glossary
References
Index
