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Survival Analysis 
Special Features of Survival Data 
Some Examples 
Survivor, Hazard and Cumulative Hazard Functions 
Computer Software for Survival Analysis 
Further Reading 

Some Non-Parametric Procedures 
Estimating the Survivor Function 
Standard Error of the Estimated Survivor Function 
Estimating the Hazard Function 
Estimating the Median and Percentiles of Survival Times 
Confidence Intervals for the Median and Percentiles 
Comparison of Two Groups of Survival Data 
Comparison of Three or More Groups of Survival Data 
Stratified Tests
Log-Rank Test for Trend 
Further Reading 

The Cox Regression Model 
Modelling the Hazard Function 
The Linear Component of the Model 
Fitting the Cox Regression Model 
Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Tests 
Comparing Alternative Models 
Strategy for Model Selection 
Variable Selection Using the Lasso 
Non-Linear Terms 
Interpretation of Parameter Estimates 
Estimating the Hazard and Survivor Functions 
Risk Adjusted Survivor Function 
Explained Variation in the Cox Regression Model 
Proportional Hazards and the Log-Rank Test 
Further Reading 

Model Checking in the Cox Regression Model 
Residuals for the Cox Regression Model 
Assessment of Model Fit 
Identification of Influential Observations 
Testing the Assumption of Proportional Hazards 
Recommendations 
Further Reading 

Parametric Proportional Hazards Models 
Models for the Hazard Function 
Assessing the Suitability of a Parametric Model 
Fitting a Parametric Model to a Single Sample 
Fitting Exponential and Weibull Models 
A Model for the Comparison of Two Groups 
The Weibull Proportional Hazards Model 
Comparing Alternative Weibull Models 
Explained Variation in the Weibull Model 
The Gompertz Proportional Hazards Model 
Model Choice 
Further Reading

Accelerated Failure Time and Other Parametric Models 
Probability Distributions for Survival Data 
Exploratory Analyses 
Accelerated Failure Model for Two Groups 
The General Accelerated Failure Time Model 
Parametric Accelerated Failure Time Models 
Fitting and Comparing Accelerated Failure Time Models 
The Proportional Odds Model 
Some Other Distributions for Survival Data 
Flexible Parametric Models 
Modelling Cure Rates 
Effect of Covariate Adjustment 
Further Reading

Model Checking In Parametric Models 
Residuals for Parametric Models 
Residuals for Particular Parametric Models 
Comparing Observed and Fitted Survivor Functions 
Identification of Influential Observations 
Testing Proportional Hazards in the Weibull Model 
Further Reading

Time-Dependent Variables 
Types of Time-Dependent Variables 
A Model with Time-Dependent Variables 
Model Comparison and Validation 
Some Applications of Time-Dependent Variables 
Three Examples 
Counting Process Format 
Further Reading 

Interval-Censored Survival Data 
Modelling Interval-Censored Survival Data 
Modelling the Recurrence Probability in the Follow-Up Period 
Modelling the Recurrence Probability at Different Times 
Arbitrarily Interval-Censored Survival Data 
Parametric Models for Interval-Censored Data 
Discussion 
Further Reading

Frailty Models 
Introduction to Frailty 
Modelling Individual Frailty
The Gamma Frailty Distribution 
Fitting Parametric Frailty Models 
Fitting Semi-Parametric Frailty Models 
Comparing Models with Frailty 
The Shared Frailty Model 
Some Other Aspects of Frailty Modelling 
Further Reading

Non-Proportional Hazards and Institutional Comparisons
Non-Proportional Hazards 
Stratified Proportional Hazards Models 
Restricted Mean Survival 
Institutional Comparisons 
Further Reading 

Competing Risks 
Introduction to Competing Risks 
Summarising Competing Risks Data 
Hazard and Cumulative Incidence Functions 
Modelling Cause-Specific Hazards 
Modelling Cause-Specific Incidence 
Model Checking 
Further Reading

Multiple Events and Event History Modelling 
Introduction to Counting Processes 
Modelling Recurrent Event Data 
Multiple Events 
Event History Analysis 
Further Reading 

Dependent Censoring 
Identifying Dependent Censoring 
Sensitivity to Dependent Censoring 
Modelling with Dependent Censoring 
Further Reading 

Sample Size Requirements for a Survival Study 
Distinguishing between Two Treatment Groups 
Calculating the Required Number of Deaths 
Calculating the Required Number of Patients 
Further Reading 

Appendix A: Maximum Likelihood Estimation 
Inference about a Single Unknown Parameter 
Inference about a Vector of Unknown Parameters 

Appendix B: Additional Data Sets 
Chronic Active Hepatitis
Recurrence of Bladder Cancer
Survival of Black Ducks
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Bibliography

Index of Examples

Index

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