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1. Adult learning in today''s world : The social context of adult learning ; The adult learner and learning in adulthood ; Settings where learning occurs -- 2. Traditional learning theories : What is learning? ; Learning theories -- 3. Andragogy: the art and science of helping adults learn : Before andragogy ; Assumptions about adult learners ; Andragogy today -- 4. Self-directed learning : The nature of self-directed learning ; The process of self-directed learning ; Self-directed learning in various contexts ; Assessing self-directed learning ; Critiques of self-directed learning -- 5. Transformative learning : What is transformative learning? ; Sites of transformative learning ; Promoting and evaluating transformative learning ; Concluding thoughts, unresolved issues -- 6. Experience and learning : On the relationship between experience and learning ; Models of experiential learning ; Reflective practice and situated cognition -- 7. Body and spirit in learning : Embodied learning ; The spirit in learning -- 8. Motivation and learning : Motivation defined ; Motivation theory ; Motivation in adult education -- 9. The brain and cognitive functioning : Brain basics ; Memory ; Intelligence ; Cognitive development and wisdom -- 10. Adult learning in the digital age : The technology context ; Adult learners in the digital age ; The teaching-learning context of the digital age -- 11. Critical thinking and critical perspectives : Being critical ; Critical theory ; Critical perspectives ; Critical thinking ; Critical action: mindful and timely intervention ; Creating a critical classroom -- 12. Culture and context, theory and practice in adult learning : Culture and context ; Culture and learning ; Culturally relevant teaching ; The relationship between theory and practice ; A framework for adult learning.