CONTENTS
Acknowledgements = 7
Preface = 9
Part 1: The History and Social Context of Educational Evaluation = 13
Chapter 1: The Origins of Educational Evaluation in the USA = 15
From Frederick Taylor to Ralph Tyler = 15
Federal investment in programme evaluation - Sputnik to Follow, Through = 19
Chapter 2: The Origins of Educational Evaluation in Britain = 26
The influence of psychometrics = 27
The early evaluation studies: learning to read = 28
Curriculum evaluation: Nuffield and the Schools Council = 30
Social action programmes: the case of EPAS = 36
Chapter 3: Traditional Approaches Under Attack = 42
Evaluation as illumination = 42
The naturalistic fallacy = 43
The objectives model and its critics = 44
Alternative approaches = 47
Broken promises = 49
Responsive evaluation = 50
Part 2: The Control and Purview of Evaluative Inquiry = 57
Chapter 4: Managerialism and Categorical Funding = 59
The National Development Programme in Computer Assisted Learning = 59
Categorical funding = 63
Lower Attaining Pupils Programme = 64
The Technical and Vocational Education Initiative = 66
Chapter 5: Evaluation and the New Cult of Social Efficiency = 76
The measurement of educational performance = 77
The cult of social efficiency = 79
Effective schooling = 80
Professional insulation = 82
The privatization of public knowledge = 82
Chapter 6: The Control of Evaluative Inquiry = 87
Independent evaluation = 87
Contractual control = 88
The political control of public knowledge = 92
Part 3: The Way We Think About Evaluation = 95
Chapter 7: Theories of Evaluation = 97
Evaluation and research = 97
Evaluation and decision-making = 101
Models, approaches and philosophical orientations = 102
Evaluation as political action = 104
Chapter 8: Models, Metaphors and Paradigms in Evaluation = 110
Models and metaphors = 110
Paradigmatic tendencies = 113
Chapter 9: Evaluation, Science, Methodology and Society = 121
The legacy of positivism = 121
The experimenting society and the authority of science = 121
Social efficiency and the technology of science = 124
Applied science, pluralism and political accommodation = 125
Validity, justice, fairness and social purpose in evaluation = 128
Evaluation, case study and naturalistic inquiry = 131
Chapter 10: Utility and Social Responsibility in Evaluation = 139
Teachers as researchers = 139
Theories of utilization = 140
Evaluation and public policy = 142
Back to school = 146
Utility and social responsibility = 148
Bibliography = 151
Index = 165
