CONTENTS
Acknowledgments = xiii
1 Introduction = 1
PartⅠ Basic Processes = 13
2 Concepts : Representing Social Knowledge = 15
What Are Concepts? = 15
Functions of Concepts = 17
Activating Concepts = 21
Structure of Concepts = 25
Interconcept Organization = 41
Models of Representation = 46
Summary = 51
3 Heuristics : Rules of Thumb for Reasoning = 53
History of Probabilistic Reasoning = 54
The Representativeness Heuristic = 56
Statisical Heuristics = 77
Factors That Influence the Choice of Heuristics = 78
The Availability Heuristic = 89
Anchoring and Adjustment = 102
Can We Overcome biases due to the Availability Heuristic and Anchoring? = 105
Careful Thinking and Use of Heuristics = 106
Summary = 109
4 Determining What Is, What Was, and What Might Have Been : Hypothesis Testing, Covariation Detection, and Counterfactual Thinking = 111
Hypothesis Testing = 112
Covariation Detecting = 124
Explanation-Based Judgment = 137
Counterfactual Thinking = 143
Summary = 159
5 Memory : Reconstructing the Past = 161
State of Mind When Encoding Events = 161
State of Mind When Retrieving Events = 174
Source Memory = 194
Summary = 208
6 Hot Cognition : The Impact of Motivation and Affect on Judgment Motivation = 212
Directional Goals = 212
Accuracy Goals = 235
Closure Goals = 242
Affect = 246
Summary = 262
7 Automatic Processes : Judgment and Behavior without Awareness, Intention, Control, or Effort = 265
Automatic versus Controlled Processes = 265
Lack of Awareness = 268
Efficiency = 288
Forming Automatic Reactions = 308
Summary = 308
PartⅡ Basic Topics = 311
8 Stereotypes = 313
What Are Stereotypes? = 314
The Perceiver's Perspective = 317
Stereotype Activation = 317
Stereotype Application = 346
The Target's Perspective = 369
Stereotype Maintenance and Change = 380
Summary = 392
9 Knowledge about Other's Attitudes, Behavior, and Personality = 395
Knowledge about the Prevalence and Distribution of Attributes in the Population = 396
Knowledge about the Consistency of Traits = 415
Summary = 449
10 The Self = 451
Dimensions of Self-knowledge = 452
Organization of Self-knowledge = 468
Which Self-knowledge Do We Seek? = 483
The Self in Relation to Others = 494
Self-regulation = 507
Summary = 510
PartⅢ Cross-cultural Perspective = 513
11 Culture = 515
East-West Differences = 518
North-South Differences in the United States = 549
Implications for Social Cognition = 556
Summary = 558
References = 561
Author Index = 591
Subject Index = 599
