CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES = Ⅸ
PREFACE = XVII
1 INTRODUCTION = 1
1.1 Definition of Image Segmentation = 1
1.2 Characteristics of the Image Segmentation Problem = 2
1.3 Parameter Selection = 4
1.4 Multi - Level Vision and Image Segmentation = 7
1.5 Adaptive Image Segmentation = 9
1.6 Outline of this Book = 12
2 IMAGE SEGMENTATION TECHNIQUES = 15
2.1 Edge Detection = 15
2.2 Region Splitting and Region Glowing = 16
2.3 The Phoenix Image Segmentation Algorithm = 18
3 SEGMENTATION AS AN OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM = 25
3.1 Representation of Segmentation Quality = 25
3.2 Selection of an Optimization Technique = 28
3.3 Genetic Algorithms for Optimization = 31
4 BASELINE ADAPTIVE IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING A GENETIC ALGORITHM = 39
4.1 Self - Optimizing Adaptive Image Segmentation System = 39
4.2 Image Characteristics = 41
4.3 Image Distance Measure = 44
4.4 Genetic Learning System = 46
4.5 Image Segmentation Algorithm = 50
4.6 Global and Local Segmentation Evaluation = 52
4.7 Adaptive Image Segmentation Algorithm = 58
5 BASIC EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS - INDOOR IMAGERY = 61
5.1 Indoor Imagery Experiment = 61
5.2 Training Experiment = 76
5.3 Testing Experiment = 96
5.4 Comparison of the Adaptive Image Segmentation with Other Techniques in Computer Vision = 106
6 BASIC EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS - OUTDOOR IMAGERY = 109
6.1 Outdoor Imagery Experiments = 109
6.2 Training Experiments = 133
6.3 Testing Experiments = 155
6.4 Comparison of the Adaptive Image Segmentation with Other Techniques in Computer Vision = 177
7 EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BASELINE TECHNIQUE - FURTHER EXPERIMENTS = 183
7.1 Comparison of the Adaptive System with Random Search = 183
7.2 Effectiveness of the Reproduction and Crossover Operators = 186
7.3 Demonstration of the Learning Behavior = 188
8 HYBRID SEARCH SCHEME FOR ADAPTIVE IMAGE SEGMENT = 195
8.1 Integrating Genetic Algorithm and Hill Climbing = 195
8.2 Experimental Results = 199
9 SIMULTANEOUS OPTIMIZATION OF GLOBAL AND LOCAL EVALUATION MEASURES = 215
9.1 Multiobjective Optimization with Genetic Algorithm = 216
9.2 Adaptive Image Segmentation Using Multiobjective Optimization = 218
9.3 Experimental Results = 220
10 SUMMARY = 255
REFERENCES = 261
INDEX = 269
